Kaempferol ameliorates symptoms of metabolic syndrome by regulating activities of liver X receptor-β

Kaempferol directly binds to and activates LXR-β to reduce the glucose and to increase high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol concentrations as well as increasing fecal cholesterol and bile acids excretion. Kaempferol blocks nuclear translocation of SREBP-1 and thus lowers hepatic and plasma triglyceride concentration. HDL-C, HDL cholesterol concentrations; Fecal-C, fecal cholesterol concentrations; BA, bile acid concentrations.46