The relationship of vitamin D status, smoking, and colorectal adenoma: A retrospective study in an ethnically diverse community

▸ Vitamin D level is not routinely checked for patients with an average risk of colorectal cancer. ▸ The prevalence of colorectal adenoma for Hispanics was lower than non-Hispanic whites and blacks in our patient population. ▸ An inverse relationship of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level and colorectal adenoma was only significant for active smokers, but not for non-smokers. ▸ The detrimental effect of cigarette smoking on the risk of colorectal adenoma was only found in non-Hispanic whites and blacks, but not for Hispanics.