Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
8359165 | Prostaglandins & Other Lipid Mediators | 2017 | 33 Pages |
Abstract
Several studies suggest that intake of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n3-PUFA) beneficially influences cognitive function. However, effects on the adult brain are not clear. Little is known about the impact of dietary intervention on the fatty acid profile in adult brain, the modulation in the expression of enzymes involved in fatty acid biosynthesis and metabolism as well as changes in resulting oxylipins. These questions were addressed in the present study in two independent n3-PUFA feeding experiments in mice. Supplementation of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 1% each in the diet) for 30Â days to adult NMRI and C57BL/6 mice led to a distinct shift in the brain PUFA pattern. While n3-PUFAs EPA, n3 docosapentaenoic acid and DHA were elevated, many n6-PUFAs were significantly decreased (except, e.g. C20:3 n6 which was increased). This shift in PUFAs was accompanied by immense differences in concentrations of oxidative metabolites derived from enzymatic conversion of PUFAs, esp. arachidonic acid whose products were uniformly decreased, and a modulation in the activity and expression pattern of delta-5 and delta-6 desaturases. In both mouse strains a remarkable increase in the soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) activity (decreased epoxy-FA concentrations and epoxy-FA to dihydroxy-FA-ratios) as well as sEH expression was observed. Taking the high biological activity of epoxy-FA, e.g. on blood flow and nociceptive signaling into account, this finding might be of relevance for the effects of n3-PUFAs in neurodegenerative diseases. On any account, our study suggests a new distinct regulation of brain PUFA and oxylipin pattern by supplementation of n3-PUFAs to adult rodents.
Keywords
MUFAEpDPEHDHADiHDPEDiHETrEHEPENMRIHUFADGLAGLASPMSFAALAqRT-PCRLOQmRNAEPACOXDPACyPLC–MSsEHcyclooxygenaseArachidonic acidalpha-linolenic acidEicosapentaenoic aciddocosapentaenoic aciddocosahexaenoic acidLinoleic acidHydroxy eicosatetraenoic acidsaturated fatty acidPolyunsaturated fatty acidPUFAgamma-linolenic acidmonounsaturated fatty acidsEpETrEEpOMELOXthromboxanestandard error of the meanARACNSDHADiHOMEmessenger ribonucleic acidCytochrome P450central nervous systemLiquid chromatography mass spectrometrylipoxygenaselimit of quantificationSEMnaval medical research instituteHETESoluble epoxide hydrolasequantitative real-time polymerase chain reactionprostaglandin
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Authors
Annika Irmgard Ostermann, Martina Reutzel, Nicole Hartung, Nicole Franke, Laura Kutzner, Kirsten Schoenfeld, Karsten-Henrich Weylandt, Gunter Peter Eckert, Nils Helge Schebb,