Management and Treatment of Iliocaval Thrombosis Using Endovascular Recanalization, Stenting, and Reconstruction: What All Practitioners Should Know

Thrombosis of the inferior vena cava and iliac veins is a significant cause of morbidity, with many patients suffering from painful lower extremity swelling, recurrent deep venous thrombosis, and venous stasis ulcers. Recanalization and stenting of the deep venous system has been shown to be a viable option for patients who fail conservative management. Clinical response and stent patency rates are encouraging for high-volume centers but are less so for smaller patient series, suggesting that the materials and techniques required are specialized and challenging. This article discusses the experience and current literature surrounding iliocaval reconstruction for the treatment of symptomatic iliocaval thrombosis, including preprocedural evaluation, interventional techniques, postprocedural care, and outcomes.