Basis and ECG measurement of global ventricular repolarization

Ventricular repolarization and its manifestation in the T wave of the electrocardiogram have long been a focus of clinical and experimental electrocardiology. In this short article, we shall review the basics of cellular and organ repolarization electrophysiology, the classical and emerging methods of measuring global repolarization, and methodology that relates directly measured cardiac indices of repolarization to the body surface electrocardiogram.