Terapia farmacológica en la mujer y prevención cardiovascular

Heart disease is the main cause of mortality in women, with coronary disease being the main category. The onset of cardiovascular disease is postponed approximately 10 years in women, compared with men, and the symptoms and comorbidities are very diverse. In Colombia, circulatory system diseases represent the main cause of mortality. Among the risk factors associated with cardiovascular disease, and with greater frequency in women, are physical inactivity, obesity, dyslipidemia, high blood pressure, diabetes mellitus and smoking. The particularity of cardiovascular diseases in women has led to the development of specific guidelines for prevention and cardiovascular treatment in women, with recommendations related to lifestyle, pharmacology and invasive interventions. It is clear that there are gender differences in the presentation of symptoms, the therapeutic approach during an acute coronary event and treatment in primary and secondary prevention. Also, junctures such as menopause mark a point of increased cardiovascular risk, with a higher prevalence of several of the cardiovascular risk factors. In general, the drugs used to manage risk factors in women are similar to those indicated in the male population. There is no significant evidence of dose differences, or additional benefits or side effects, with the exception of ACE inhibitors and ARA2 in pregnancy, platelet antiaggregants in primary prevention, and thrombolytic therapy in some cases. The present article intends to describe the main pharmacological interventions of cardiovascular pathologies in women.