Traumatic dislocation of the mandibular condyle into the middle cranial fossa: A case of cranial base reconstruction and review of the literature

In patients with orofacial trauma, dislocation of the mandibular condyle into the middle cranial fossa is extremely rare. This article describes the case of a 51-year-old man who sustained dislocation of the right mandibular condyle into the middle cranial fossa due to a traumatic blow to the chin during an accidental fall. His chief complaints were severe malocclusion, restricted jaw movement, and difficulty opening and closing his mouth. Glenoid fossa fracture and condylar penetration were observed by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. The patient had no neurological complications despite the risk of cerebral contusion and dural tears. A combined neurosurgical-maxillofacial treatment was planned for the patient. Mandibular reduction and cranial base reconstruction were performed through a craniotomy using a combination of a titanium plate and a galeal flap. Postoperatively, intermaxillary fixation was maintained for 28 days to prevent recurrence of displacement of the condyle. The patient continued to show good function of the mandible at 18 months postoperatively, without complications.