Immolation dans notre centre de traitement des brûlés de 2011 à 2016

The prevalence of immolation by fire in France is uncertain. We carried out a retrospective epidemiological study on immolations between 2011 and 2016 at the burn treatment centre at the hôpital Saint-Louis in Paris. We studied the prevalence and characteristics of patients entering hospital for this reason. Between 2011 and 2016, a total of 1098 patients were hospitalized in the centre, of which 50 were admitted for immolation, i.e. five percent of the hospitalized population. The average age at entry was 46 years, and they were mostly men (62%). All but one was a suicide attempt. The average total burn area was 34.5%, and the average length of stay in the centre was 53 days. The products used for the immolation were mostly white spirit, alcohol or gasoline. Nine (18%) out of the 50 patients died, burned at 62.5% on average. A psychiatric history was reported in 35 patients and 21 had previously attempted suicide; nine patients were chronic alcoholics and four were drug addicts. The most frequently reported reasons for the suicide attempt were sentimental breakdown, death of a relative or financial problem. The prevalence of immolation in our study is very low compared to that found in developing countries. The majority of our cohort is composed of patients with a history of psychiatric disorders. The history of attempted suicide is also a major risk factor for committing suicidal acts by immolation. Prevention measures should be implemented to reduce this risk.