What drives the market popularity of celebrities? A longitudinal analysis of consumer interest in film stars

The economic value of celebrity brands is heavily influenced by their ability to generate large-scale consumer interest. We develop a comprehensive framework for the drivers of celebrities' market popularity (in terms of consumer interest generated by celebrities) including variables related to actors, movies, and actor–movie fit. To test the framework, Internet search histories are examined for 161 film stars over the course of more than 6 years (January 2004–June 2010). In particular, we test three hypotheses. First, with regard to actor-related variables, we do not find support for the postulated inverted U-shaped effect from the frequency of movie appearances on the market popularity of film stars (H1). Rather, the results indicate a monotone and positive relationship between a film star's frequency of movie appearances and consumer interest in the film star. Second, with respect to movie-related factors, the findings indicate that both positive and negative abnormal movie revenues increase the popularity of film stars (H2). Third, concerning variables related to actor–movie fit, the results support the hypothesized U-shaped effect from actor–movie fit on the market popularity of film stars (H3). On a managerial level, this study provides insights for film stars on how to enhance their market popularity by increasing the frequency of their movie appearances and by selecting films that are likely to generate abnormal revenues and have a certain fit with their image.