The role of pleasant music in servicescapes: A test of the dual model of environmental perception

This article explores the psychological processes by which background music in servicescapes influences service evaluation and purchase intention. Drawing on the dual model of environmental perception, it is hypothesized that: (1) servicescape is perceived in an ambient holistic manner and serves as the background for perceptions of the provider and thereby has direct and provider-mediated effects on outcomes; (2) the presence of music influences outcomes because it reinforces the holistic quality of the servicescape, makes the provider stand out, and moderates the contribution of provider-mediated servicescape effects; (3) when pleasant music is present, a double-mediating process fully accounts for the impact of variations in the music valence, such that music valence gets transferred into servicescape attitude, which then exercises direct and provider-mediated effects on service outcomes. Two experimental studies in real and online environments support the above research hypotheses.