Impulsivity and time estimation: Casting a net to catch a fish

We employed a series of time-estimation tasks, chosen such that impulsivity could be revealed in deviant performance both within and between tasks. Trait impulsivity was assessed using a number of measures; cognitive impulsivity was measured using a number of neuropsychological tests (e.g., Trail Making, Circle Tracing). Time estimation was evaluated using reproduction tasks (both remote and immediate) within a prospective paradigm. The structure underlying the data is four-dimensional: Factor 1 (F1) has contributions from both venturesomeness and the indices of immediate time reproduction, implicating sensation seeking; F2 is uniquely identified with performance on remote time reproduction; F3 implicates a component of trait impulsivity; F4 implicates a component of cognitive-motor impulsivity.