Prothèses mammaires : réflexions sur une chorégraphie de l'acte opératoire

Breast augmentation offers a high rate of satisfaction but the local complications remain frequent. These are mainly capsular contracture, malpositions of implant, acute or infraclinical infections. The causes of these complications are multifactorials. The goal of this chapter is to determine the effect of the surgical technique on the result. We think that if no routine procedure can be proposed, a reflexion on the objectives of the breast augmentation and the adaptation of the surgical technique is necessary for each surgeon. We identify twelve aims and discuss them: rigorous preoperative planning, determination of the position of the implant, creation of an adapted implant pocket, as much atraumatic as possible dissection, no bacterial contamination, no foreign particles, respect of the implant, drainage or not, efficient suture, pain and discomfort control, need for contension and clear postoperative advices. These objectives being precised, we integrate them in a chronological surgical process under the form of questions. Each surgeon can then choose his answers by evaluating the arguments, which led to his choices.