Orthogonal dreams in an oblique world: A meta-analysis of the association between attachment anxiety and avoidance

The association between attachment dimensions (anxiety and avoidance) can influence measurement creation and statistical analyses. Our goal was to test the assumption that anxiety and avoidance was orthogonal in two popular measures: the ‘Experience in Close Relationships Scale – Revised’ (ECR-R) and the original ‘Experiences in Close Relationships Scale’ (ECR). Our meta-analysis of 242 studies revealed that despite both scales being highly reliable, the anxiety–avoidance correlation was higher for the ECR-R than the ECR. Other variables also moderated the association. Implications include methods of statistical analysis and recommendations for future measurement creation and use.

► We tested the association between attachment anxiety and avoidance in a large meta-analysis. ► Anxiety and avoidance were significantly associated and moderated by measurement version. ► The association between attachment dimensions was also moderated by relationship status. ► We make recommendations for choices in measurement and statistical analysis.