The multi-factor structure of the Brief Self-Control Scale: Discriminant validity of restraint and impulsivity

The Brief Self-Control Scale (BSCS; Tangney, Baumeister, & Boone, 2004) was developed to assess dispositional self-control as it is conceptualized by contemporary theoretical perspectives; however, concerns regarding its unidimensionality and validity remain. This article addresses these concerns using three samples to define, confirm and test a multi-factor version of the BSCS. Results of Study 1 (n = 909) identified two factors of the BSCS: restraint and impulsivity. Results of Study 2 (n = 364) confirmed that the 2-factor structure fit the data well and performed better than 1-factor structures. Finally, results from Study 3 (n = 175) demonstrated the utility of the multi-factor BSCS in predicting self-reported affective and behavioral outcomes. Implications for research and theoretical development are discussed.

► We examined the factor structure and revised the Brief Self-Control Scale (BSCS). ► Exploratory factor analysis supports a 2-factor structure for the BSCS. ► Confirmatory factor analysis indicates a 2-factor structure is better than 1-factor. ► The two factors of the BSCS demonstrate discriminant validity. ► The revised BSCS is shorter and more accurately represents the constructs measured.