Using cross-sectional couple data to disentangle the causality between positive partner perceptions and marital satisfaction

Relationship research has consistently shown that holding favorable perceptions of one’s partner has a strong, positive association with one’s relationship satisfaction. This association has been commonly interpreted as evidence to support the hypothesis that positive perceptions serve relationship-enhancing functions and lead to greater satisfaction. This article presents another explanation, arguing that being satisfied in the relationship motivates individuals to perceive their partner in a positive light. To test these two competing causality models, this study used a new methodology that does not require experimental manipulations or a longitudinal design; instead, it utilizes cross-sectional, dyadic data. The results showed that satisfaction drives positive perceptions; however, satisfaction is also influenced by how individuals perceive their partner and are perceived by their partner.