Temperature regulator unit for fluid flow in a channel using phase change material

A numerical study was conducted to evaluate the thermal characteristics of a temperature regulator unit (TRU). The unit employs a phase change material (PCM) to stabilize the temperature of fluid flow in a channel. The PCM is placed outside the channel to dynamically absorb or release thermal energy to the channel flow. Melting and solidification of the PCM and transient forced convection heat transfer for the fluid are solved as a conjugate problem. A two-dimensional finite element model was developed to predict the performance of the TRU under constant and cyclic flow inlet temperatures. The results show that the unit was effective in reducing the flow exit temperature for a significant amount of time when there is a sudden temperature jump of the flow at the inlet. In addition, there was a substantial reduction in temperature fluctuations at the flow exit when a cyclic flow inlet temperature is applied. A parametric study was conducted to assess the effect of different design parameters, such as the effect of the Reynolds number and PCM quantity in the system.