Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
1012385 | Tourism Management | 2013 | 7 Pages |
Tourism ecocertification programs persist and proliferate despite low market penetration and apparent consumer indifference. This has been viewed simply as an early-adoption phase. A two-decade historical analysis of development patterns for 17 programs, however, suggests that they can be analysed as a multi-move political game between corporate and civic advocates, where neither can quit without losing. The political-game framework yields predictions which are testably different from a pure-market early-adopter framework. It also draws a key distinction between consumer-benefit and social-benefit measures, applicable to corporate social responsibility initiatives in many industry sectors.
Graphical abstractFigure optionsDownload full-size imageDownload as PowerPoint slideHighlights► Certification programs benefiting consumers differ from those benefiting society. ► The history of tourism ecocertification is a two-team multi-move political game.