Transmission of early ripening trait related loci in grapevines from backbone cultivar Pearl of Csaba to its descendants

In order to dissect the inheritance of the grapevine early ripening trait, Pearl of Csaba, 32 derived varieties of Pearl of Csaba and 5 other parents for the breeding of the derived varieties were analyzed based on the SSR (Simple Sequence Repeats) markers. Fifty SSR markers evenly distributed on 19 chromosomes of grapevine were initially employed and only 36 markers could transmit to all the descendants of four generations. Then, the false positive loci were excluded by tracing the high steadily transmitted loci in one consecutive line including three generation varieties (11 markers left), comparing to the other 5 medium and late ripening parents used in the formation of the descendants (8 markers left), considering the stability of the inheritance frequency from the generations to generations (3 markers left) and three SSR markers, VVMD5, VVMD32 and VMC4F8 were identified as the candidate. These three markers could be stably inherited in four generations and their inheritance frequency, genetic contribution rate and allele frequency were all above 40%, 70% and 0.4, respectively. The genomic loci corresponding to these markers and their adjacent chromosomal regions may be associated with the inheritance of early ripening trait in the derived varieties of Pearl of Csaba.