Wave transformation by axisymmetric three-dimensional bathymetric anomalies with gradual transitions in depth

Comparisons to a shallow water model, numerical models, and experimental data verify the results of the Axisymmetric 3-D Step Model for several bathymetries including both pits and shoals. Also included are estimates of the energy reflection induced by an axisymmetric depth anomaly. The 3-D Axisymmetric Step Model has been applied previously to account for nearshore transformation (sloping bathymetry) and associated shoreline changes [C.J. Bender, R.G. Dean, Coastal Engineering 51 (2004) 1143].