Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
10824211 | Insect Biochemistry and Molecular Biology | 2011 | 9 Pages |
Abstract
⺠Cry toxins bind insect midgut proteins facilitating the formation of a pre-pore oligomer that inserts into the membrane killing the insect cells. ⺠Similar Cry binding proteins as cadherin, aminopeptidase-N and alkaline phosphatase in the different insect orders suggests that the mode of action of Cry toxins is conserved. ⺠The p38 MAPK signal transduction pathway is involved in cellular responses to Cry toxins. ⺠Transgenic crops producing Cry toxins has resulted in the reduction of chemical insecticides in agriculture. ⺠The next generation Bt crops produce multiple Cry toxins reducing the possibility of the development of insect resistance.
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Authors
Alejandra Bravo, Supaporn Likitvivatanavong, Sarjeet S. Gill, Mario Soberón,