| Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 10871911 | FEBS Letters | 2010 | 5 Pages |
Abstract
The effect of the uremic solute indoxyl sulfate (IS) on scavenging superoxide anion radicals (O2-) generated from both the xanthine/xanthine oxidase (X/XO) system and activated neutrophils was investigated by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, combined with 2-ethoxycarbonyl-2-methyl-3,4-dihydro-2H-pyrrole-1-oxide (EMPO). The findings show that the presence of normal-physiological serum concentrations of IS (0.1-10 μM) resulted in decreased formation of EMPO-superoxide adduct without affecting XO activity. Furthermore, IS showed scavenging activity against cell-derived O2- generated from activated neutrophils. In addition, IS also eliminated hydroxyl radicals. These findings suggest that IS acts as a novel endogenous antioxidant under normal-physiological conditions.
Keywords
DTPADMPODMPO-OHCu, Zn-superoxide dismutaseEMPOIsoxanthopterinCMPFO2-Xanthine oxidase5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline N-oxideROSallopurinolALPChronic kidney diseasesEPRElectron paramagnetic resonanceSuperoxide anion radicalSuperoxide anion radicalsHydroxyl radicalsXanthineindoxyl sulfateScavenging activityCKDneutrophilChemiluminescenceHippuratePterinReactive oxygen species
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Authors
Yohei Miyamoto, Yasunori Iwao, Yuka Tasaki, Keizo Sato, Yu Ishima, Hiroshi Watanabe, Daisuke Kadowaki, Toru Maruyama, Masaki Otagiri,