The efficacy of alfaxalone for immersion anesthesia in koi carp (Cyprinus carpio)

Administration of alfaxalone, via water immersion, as an induction and maintenance anesthesia agent provided rapid and reliable anesthesia of koi with no mortality. The maintenance dose of 2.5 mg L−1 was sufficient to prevent response to noxious stimuli but was associated with a clinically relevant depression in opercular rate.