Behavioral responses to, and fitness consequences from, an invasive species are life-stage dependent in a threatened native fish

Our study is one of the first comprehensive evaluations of how the threats of an invader to a native species, as well as the responses to this threat, are life-stage dependent. We use our empirical results to develop a general framework for understanding the mechanisms by which invasives threaten native biota, and highlight how this can be used to help assess and mitigate the threat of invaders.