Direct ultraviolet-assisted conformal coating of nanometer-thick poly(tris(2-(acryloyloxy)ethyl) phosphate) gel polymer electrolytes on high-voltage LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 cathodes

As a facile and scalable approach to the surface modification of high-voltage cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries, direct UV-assisted conformal coating of poly(tris(2-(acryloyloxy)ethyl) phosphate) (PTAEP) gel polymer electrolyte on as-formed LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 (NCM) cathode is presented. The smooth and continuous PTAEP coating layer with nanometer-thickness (∼20 nm) is successfully introduced on the NCM surface without impairing electronic/ionic conduction pathways preformed in the NCM cathode. Owing to this structural uniqueness, the PTAEP-coated NCM cathode significantly improves the high-voltage (4.6 V) cycling performance and mitigates the exothermic reaction between the delithiated NCM and liquid electrolyte. This demonstrates that the conformal PTAEP nanocoating layer proposed herein, which is completely different from conventional inorganic material-based coating layers, acts as a new ion-conductive protective film that effectively suppresses unwanted interfacial side reactions between the high-voltage cathode materials and liquid electrolyte.

Graphical abstractFigure optionsDownload full-size imageDownload as PowerPoint slideHighlights► Surface modification of high-voltage NCM cathode with PTAEP gel polymer electrolyte. ► Direct UV-assisted, conformal coating of PTAEP layers on as-formed NCM cathode. ► PTAEP nanocoating layers do not impair preformed structure of NCM cathode. ► PTAEP-NCM cathode shows superior cycling performance and thermal stability. ► Conformal PTAEP coating layers act as a new ion-conductive protective film.