Influence of different electrode compositions and binder materials on the performance of lithium–sulfur batteries

The specific capacity and cycling stability of lithium sulfur batteries have been investigated with respect to the chemical composition and fabrication process of the sulfur electrode. Three different kinds of electrode compositions (containing Nafion, polyacrylonitrile/carboxymethylcellulose, and Teflon, respectively, as binder materials) have been tested. For the electrodes containing Nafion as the binder material, an additional Nafion coating has been deposited on top of the electrodes to enhance the sulfur retention and to suppress the polysulfide shuttle. Both SEM images before cycling and post mortem are presented in order to shed light on the influence of the composition of the electrode on its electrochemical performance. Good cycling performance can be attained based on relatively simple and therefore cost-effective electrode setups and production methods.

► Binder in sulfur electrodes does influence the cycling behavior and stability. ► Coating with Nafion improves the properties of the electrodes. ► Excellent electrochemistry achieved for very simple and cheap electrode setups.