Constructing a novel and safer energy storing system using a graphite cathode and a MoO3 anode

A cell employing a graphite cathode and a molybdenum (VI) oxide (MoO3) anode is investigated as a possible energy storage device. Graphite cathode allows raising the voltage well above the cathode materials of LIBs without causing safety issues. The bottom potential of this anode is 2.0 V vs. Li/Li+, which is well above the lithium plating potential. Pulse polarization experiment reveals that no lithium deposition occurs, which further enhances the safety of the graphite/MoO3 full cell. Charge/discharge mechanism of this system results from intercalation and de-intercalation of the PF6− in the cathode (KS-6) and Li+ in the anode (MoO3). This mechanism is supported by in situ X-ray diffraction data of the graphite/MoO3 cell recorded at various states of charge.

► Construct a KS-6/MoO3 full cell. ► Charge/discharge mechanism of KS-6/MoO3 full cell in non-aqueous solvents. ► Enhanced the safety of lithium ion batteries. ► Graphite cathode for lithium ion batteries. ► Pulse polarization of MoO3.