Free vibration analysis of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell

A free vibration analysis of a polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is performed by modelling the PEMFC as a 20 cm × 20 cm composite plate structure. The membrane, gas diffusion electrodes, and bi-polar plates are modelled as composite material plies. Energy equations are derived based on Mindlin's plate theory, and natural frequencies and mode shapes of the PEMFC are calculated using finite element modelling. A parametric study is conducted to investigate how the natural frequency varies as a function of thickness, Young's modulus, and density for each component layer. It is observed that increasing the thickness of the bi-polar plates has the most significant effect on the lowest natural frequency, with a 25% increase in thickness resulting in a 17% increase in the natural frequency. The mode shapes of the PEMFC provide insight into the maximum displacement exhibited as well as the stresses experienced by the single cell under vibration conditions that should be considered for transportation and stationary applications. This work provides insight into how the natural frequencies of the PEMFC should be tuned to avoid high amplitude oscillations by modifying the material and geometric properties of individual components.

Graphical abstractFigure optionsDownload full-size imageDownload as PowerPoint slideHighlights► A parametric study is conducted to investigate how the natural frequency varies as a function of thickness, Young's modulus, and density for each component layer of a single polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cell (PEMFC). ► A 25% increase in thickness of the bi-polar plates results in an 11% increase in the natural frequency. ► The mode shapes provide insight into the maximum displacements and stresses experienced by the single cell under vibration conditions that may be encountered in transportation and stationary applications.