Comparison of water management between two bipolar plate flow-field geometries in proton exchange membrane fuel cells at low-density current range

This experimental research studies some aspects of water formation and management in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells (PEMFCs). To this end, two different single cells of 49 cm2 active area have been tested, the first one with a serpentine-parallel geometry and the second with a cascade-type flow-field topology. In order to visualize the processes, flow-field channels have been machined on transparent plastic. Experiments have consisted in both image acquisition using a CCD camera, and simultaneous measurements of pressure drop in both hydrogen and oxygen gas flow paths. It has been observed that with the cascade-type flow-field geometry, water produced in the cathode does not flood the gas flow channels and, consequently, can be drained in an easy way. On the other hand, it has also been verified that saturated condition for the hydrogen gas flow at the anode side produces water condensation and channel flooding for the serpentine-parallel flow-field topology. Time fluctuations in the pressure drop of the gas flow have been detected and are associated to some transient process inherent to water formation and management.