Deltamethrin induced alterations of hematological and biochemical parameters in fingerlings of Catla catla (Ham.) and their amelioration by dietary supplement of vitamin C

The present study was carried out to investigate the sub-lethal toxicity of technical grade deltamethrin (a synthetic pyrethroid) of concentration 1.61 μg/L (1/3rd of 96 h LC50) on hematological and biochemical parameters of catla (Catla catla) fingerlings and its amelioration through dietary vitamin C. The deltamethrin exposed fishes were fed with different levels of supplemented vitamin C such as 50, 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg diet to see its ameliorating effect by assaying hematological parameters viz. total erythrocyte count (TEC), total leukocyte count (TLC), hemoglobin content (Hb), total serum protein, albumin, globulin, albumin–globulin ratio and biochemical parameters such as lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), acetylcholine esterase (AChE), alanine amino transferase (ALT), aspartate amino transferase (AST), total adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase), magnesium adenosine triphosphatase (Mg2+-ATPase) and sodium potassium adenosine triphosphatase (Na+, K+-ATPase) activities. The finding of this study showed that deltamethrin had negative effect on the hematological and biochemical parameters of Catla catla. The experimental group, which was exposed to deltamethrin and fed with normal diet showed significantly lower values (P ⩽ 0.05) of all parameters studied except ALT activity. This might be due to possible disruption of hematopoiesis and proteosynthesis. However, the fish fed with varied concentration of vitamin C in diets neutralized the toxic effect of deltamethrin, as evidenced by significantly lowered hematological and biochemical response. Vitamin C @ 1000 mg/kg diet was the most effective in amelioration of harmful effect of deltamethrin on hematological and biochemical parameters of catla fingerlings. The result suggests that vitamin C can be effectively used to neutralize the toxic effect of deltamethrin on catla.

Graphical abstractSub-lethal concentration of deltamethrin (1.61 μg/L) exposed fishes were fed with different levels of supplemented vitamin C such as 50, 250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg diet to see its ameliorating effect by assaying hematological and biochemical parameters. Vitamin C @ 1000 mg/kg diet was the most effective in amelioration of harmful effect of deltamethrin on hematological and biochemical parameters of catla fingerlings.Figure optionsDownload full-size imageDownload as PowerPoint slideHighlights► Ninety-six hours LC50 of technical grade deltamethrin to Catla catla was found to be 4.84 μg l−1. ► The sub-lethal concentration (1.61 μg l−1) of deltamethrin produced negative effects. ► Hematological and biochemical parameters of the fish were severely affected. ► Vitamin C @ 1000 mg/kg diet could ameliorate the harmful effects of deltamethrin.