Metabolic systems biology

The first full genome sequences were established in the mid-1990s. Shortly thereafter, genome-scale metabolic network reconstructions appeared. Since that time, we have witnessed an exponential growth in their number and uses. Here I discuss, from a personal point of view, four topics: (1) the placement of metabolic systems biology in the context of broader scientific developments, (2) its foundational concepts, (3) some of its current uses, and (4) some of the expected future developments in the field.