Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
2428109 | Comparative Immunology, Microbiology and Infectious Diseases | 2016 | 10 Pages |
Abstract
The pathogenesis of infectious agents with human tropism can only be properly studied in an in vivo model featuring human cells or tissue. Humanized mice represent a small animal model featuring human cells or tissue that can be infected by human-specific viruses, bacteria, and parasites and also providing a functional human immune system. This makes the analysis of a human immune response to infection possible and allows for preclinical testing of new vaccines and therapeutic agents. Results of various studies using humanized mice to investigate pathogens with human tropism are presented in this review. In addition, the limitations of humanized mice and methods to improve this valuable animal model are discussed.
Keywords
HCMVCLPHSV-2GBSSCIDHMGB1GM-CSFSCFDTHCCR5DENVuPAM-CSFHSCHTLV-1APOBEC3JCVRAGJohn Cunningham virusHuNoVHuman T cell leukemia virus type 1SIRPSignal-regulatory proteinTNFHigh-mobility group protein B1C-C chemokine receptor type 5NSGMIPshRNANODALBqPCRTCrICAM-1natural killerSmall interfering RNAsmall hairpin RNAsiRNAAlbuminHuman leukocyte antigenHLAStreptococcusCecal ligation and punctureEBVimmunoglobulin interferonIFNinterleukinBorreliaInfectious diseasesTATTransgenicDelayed type hypersensitivityNon-obese diabeticWorld Health OrganizationSalmonellaHematopoietic stem cellDendritic cellHuman cytomegalovirusgranulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factorFahGranulocyte-colony stimulating factorStem Cell FactorG-CSFtumor necrosis factorRecombination Activating Geneurinary plasminogen activatorLeishmaniamacrophage colony-stimulating factormajor histocompatibility complexMHCReviewHumanized miceIntercellular adhesion molecule 1NeisseriaSCID, Severe combined immunodeficiencyHuman norovirusHBVHCVHepatitis C virusquantitative polymerase chain reactionEpstein-Barr virusDengue virushuman immunodeficiency virusHIVherpes simplex virus type 2hepatitis B virusmacrophage inflammatory proteinPlasmodiumWHOgroup B StreptococcusT cell receptor
Related Topics
Life Sciences
Agricultural and Biological Sciences
Animal Science and Zoology
Authors
W. Ernst,