Comparative morphology and evolutionary aspects of the reflective under wing scale-pattern in Fritillary butterflies (Nymphalidae: Argynnini)

The degrees of modification of the scales, including whether both cover and ground scales or only cover scales are modified, are to some extent correlated to the degree of reflectiveness in the wing pattern. Boloria eunomia has, as the only species, more modified ground scales than cover scales.