Modelling for forest management synergies and trade-offs: Northern hardwood tree regeneration, timber and deer

► We present an integrated simulation model of tree regeneration, growth and harvest. ► We use the model to evaluate long-term impacts of forest management. ► Results show the integrated model is robust given uncertainty in sub-models. ► Greater ironwood harvest and lower deer densities increase sugar maple regeneration. ► We show how the model is useful for synergistic timber and wildlife management.