Random excitations in modelling of algal blooms in estuarine systems

This paper proposes and analyzes a non-linear model for the biological outbreaks that links the trophic structure of primary and secondary producers in the estuary. Some of the principles governing phytoplankton growth, biomass, and species composition in two-layered pelagic ecosystems are explored using an idealized, steady-state, mathematical model. Algal blooms often occur in estuary due to excessive flow of nutrients from domestic drainage, industrial and agricultural waste, and this causes the decrease in the concentration of dissolved oxygen in the estuary. We propose a description about interesting marine estuary systems which resembles to the behaviour of real media and construct a non-linear mathematical model with the main purpose of considering the severity and duration of algal blooms in the ecological arena. Although the environmental and physical factors that unleashed the bloom, but ensuing duration and severity of an outbreak are largely due to the subsequent biological interplay between organism. Hence, it threatens the survival of other species of the ecosystem indirectly, and also it is responsible for the degradation of water quality in the estuary because of less oxygen content. We give the results that are qualitatively resemble with those observed in the estuary and thereby offers an insight for the factors that sustain a bloom.