Coral genomics and transcriptomics — Ushering in a new era in coral biology

The advent of “next-gen” DNA sequencing technology promises new insights into many fundamental aspects of coral biology, not only through genome sequencing but also as an affordable alternative to microarray analysis in determination of relative gene expression levels. Whole genome sequencing projects are underway, using this technology, for two Acropora species, but the data are in assembly and not yet public; here we review how we came to this point, molecular resources currently available for corals and the “post-genomic” future of coral biology.

► “Next gen” sequencing technology has enabled whole genome sequencing of several corals. ► The coral Acropora has a much more complex immune repertoire than does the sea anemone. ► “Next gen” sequencing can be used to study development, ecology, stress and disease.