The Comparison in Tissue Culture Ability of Mature Embryo in Different Cultivars of Rice

In order to study the regeneration technology of mature embryos in different rice varieties, nine japonica, nine indica and eleven hybrid rice varieties of two line or three line or superiority combinations were selected as explants to study the callus induction, differentiation and regeneration rates on different media. The higher callus induction (61.7–89.2%) was observed in japonica rice, when cytokinin was added at lower concentration (0.3 mg L−1 6-BA) in M8 basal medium, supplemented with 30 g L−1 sucrose, 8 g L−1 agar and 2 mg L−1 2,4-D. Further, the addition of two cytokinins (2 mg L−1 6-BA, 0.5 mg L−1 KT) and 1 mg L−1 NAA in the M8 basal supplemented medium resulted in 9.1–100% of the callus induction in indica rice. The percent callus induction in hybrid rice varieties was 40–86.3% when addition of 1 mg L−1 6-BA and 1 mg L−1 KT was added, and the cytokinins was required by the japonica and indica rice varieties in the M8 basal supplemented medium. It was observed that when the 0.5 mg L−1 2,4-D and 1 mg L−1 6-BA were added in japonica rice, and 0.2 mg L−1 2,4-D and 0.5 mg L−1 6-BA were added in indica and hybrid rice in the MS different media, the regeneration rates were 9.2–59.5%, 3.6–87.5% and 17.2–43.2% for japonica, indica and hybrid rice, respectively. Thus, the regeneration technology with higher output is established in the mature embryos of similar rice varieties.