Production of doubled haploid wheat lines (Triticum aestivum L.) using anther culture technique

Anther culture response of six wheat genotypes and their F1 crosses was investigated. Results indicated that considerable genetic variation among the tested genotypes was observed. Calli were obtained from all wheat genotypes studied. The percentage of anthers that developed calli ranged from 0.67% for Gemmeiza-9 to 18.00% for the cross (Gemmeiza-7 × Sids-4). Plants were regenerated from 19 out of 21 wheat genotypes. The highest frequencies of green plantlets were achieved from the two crosses (Giza-164 × Gemmiza-9 and Giza-164 × Line-115), while the lowest ones were obtained in the cross (Giza-164 × Sids-4). Generally, crosses showed a better response in anther culture than their parental genotypes. Significant and positive heterotic effects were observed in some crosses for callus induction and green plant regeneration. Ninety-four doubled haploid lines, which were derived from five F1 crosses and their respective parents were evaluated under field conditions. Some doubled haploid lines that resulted from these crosses performed well and transgressed significantly the higher-yielding parent and the check variety.