Computation of threshold conditions for epidemiological models and global stability of the disease-free equilibrium (DFE)

One goal of this paper is to give an algorithm for computing a threshold condition for epidemiological systems arising from compartmental deterministic modeling. We calculate a threshold condition T0T0 of the parameters of the system such that if T0<1T0<1 the disease-free equilibrium (DFE) is locally asymptotically stable (LAS), and if T0>1T0>1, the DFE is unstable. The second objective, by adding some reasonable assumptions, is to give, depending on the model, necessary and sufficient conditions for global asymptotic stability (GAS) of the DFE. In many cases, we can prove that a necessary and sufficient condition for the global asymptotic stability of the DFE is R0⩽1R0⩽1, where R0R0 is the basic reproduction number [O. Diekmann, J.A. Heesterbeek, Mathematical Epidemiology of Infectious Diseases: Model Building, Analysis and Interpretation, Wiley, New York, 2000]. To illustrate our results, we apply our techniques to examples taken from the literature. In these examples we improve the results already obtained for the GAS of the DFE. We show that our algorithm is relevant for high dimensional epidemiological models.