Ecology and management of the leafroller (Tortricidae) complex over ten years during establishment of an organic pipfruit orchard in Central Otago, New Zealand

► Annual leafroller damage to organic apples usually <5% over ten years - no spraying. ► Leafroller complex on pipfruit in Central Otago dominated by Epiphyas postvittana. ► The native leafroller Planotortrix octo is the only important secondary species. ► All leafroller species are bivoltine and generations are well synchronised. ► The braconid Dolichogenidea tasmanica causes high larval mortality of leafrollers.