Comparative behavior of wheat and barley associated with field release and grain weight determination

► We evaluate phenology and grain filling traits in wheat and barley. ► Barley release fields earlier than wheat because it reaches flowering time earlier. ► No differences were found in the durations of grain filling and drying period between species. ► Barley finishes its cycle with higher moisture concentration than wheat. ► Barley showed higher grain weight response when source:sink ratio was improved.