Article ID Journal Published Year Pages File Type
4512279 Industrial Crops and Products 2016 10 Pages PDF
Abstract

•The by-products of various fruit species are valuable sources of seed oil (12–29%).•PUFAs are predominant FAs in all tested oils recovered from fruit seeds (over 50%).•Selected fruit seed oils are rich sources of phytosterols and squalene.•The ΣPUFA/(ΣSFA + ΣMUFA) ratio of oils is highly correlated with biodiesel properties.•Japanese quince (Chaenomeles japonica) meets European biodiesel standards.

The composition of fatty acids and phytosterols of oils recovered from the seeds of nine industrial fruit by-products: watermelon (Citrullus lanatus), honeydew melon (Cucumis melo), sea buckthorn (Hippophae rhamnoides), red currant (Ribes rubrum), pomegranate (Punica granatum), Japanese quince (Chaenomeles japonica), grape (Vitis vinifera), gooseberry (Ribes uva-crispa) and apple (Malus domestica) were studied. The oil yield in the investigated fruit seeds ranged from 11.8% (sea buckthorn) to 28.5% (watermelon). The main phytosterol identified in all fruit seed oils was β-sitosterol with the concentration ranging between 0.5 and 3.1 mg/g of oil, in watermelon and Japanese quince, respectively. The fatty acid composition was unique for each fruit seed oil. The majority of samples had high linoleic acid content (38.0–70.7%), whereas the pomegranate seed oil was extremely rich in punicic acid (86.2%). Japanese quince seed oil had the highest potential value for biodiesel production; while the unique profile of bioactive compounds recorded in pomegranate seed oil indicated great potential for utilization in cosmetic and/or pharmaceutical industries. The ΣPUFA/(ΣSFA + ΣMUFA) ratio of nine fruit seed oils highly correlated (r > 0.9, p < 0.0001) with all biodiesel properties, with the exception of the cold filter plugging point.

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Life Sciences Agricultural and Biological Sciences Agronomy and Crop Science
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