Ecological wisdom as benchmark in planning and design

This paper sets ecological wisdom as benchmark in landscape and urban planning to develop socio-ecologically just plans. It proposes an Ecological Wisdom Inspired Planning Support System (EWIPSS) that incorporates functions of scenario development, simulation and evaluation under a wisdom-guidance framework to facilitate planners' plan-making and public's decision-making activities. Through a case study in the City of Wilmington, Ohio, USA, in which EWIPSS was implemented, we demonstrate that ecological wisdom can be an effective benchmark in planning practice.