2D nearly orthogonal mesh generation with controls on distortion function

A method to control the distortion function of the Ryskin and Leal (RL) orthogonal mesh generation system is presented. The proposed method considers the effects from not only the local orthogonal condition but also the local smoothness condition (the geometry and the mesh size) on the distortion function. The distortion function is determined by both the scale factors and the averaged scale factors of the constant mesh lines. Two adjustable parameters are used to control the local balance of the orthogonality and the smoothness. The proposed method is successfully applied to several benchmark examples and the natural river channels with complex geometries.