Synthesis and characterization of biogenic iron oxide nanoparticles using green chemistry approach and evaluating their biological activities

•Plant mediated iron oxide nanoparticles are eco-friendly and biocompatible.•Lantana camara leaf extract acts as a reducing and capping agent.•Rod shape iron oxide nanoparticles are synthesized using Lantana camara.

The present research work determines the synthesis and characterization of iron oxide nanoparticles from Lantana camera by green technology through the reduction of ferrous sulphate. The main objective of the research work is, synthesize of iron oxide nanoparticles using cost effective and environment friendly method. The biosynthesized iron oxide nanoparticles were characterized by XRD (X-ray diffractometer), FT-IR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), SEM (scanning electron microscope), EDX (Energy Dispersive X-Ray spectrometer) and UV absorption spectroscopy. The average particle size ranged from 10 to 20 nm and shapes were nanorods, crystalline and highly stable. The antibacterial activity was analyzed for synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles. The biological activities of iron oxide nanoparticles such as antibacterial activity and seed germination studies were also analyzed. The germination and growth of Vigna mungo was done with different concentration of iron oxide nanoparticles. In antibacterial studies, the highest zone of inhibition was observed in Pseudomonas (20.10 ± 1 mm) at 100 µg/ml of iron oxide nanoparticles. The maximal seed germination was observed in 200 ppm concentration of nanoparticles treated seeds. The shoot and root length were low when the concentration of the nanoparticles increased. This green synthesized iron oxide nanoparticle was proved to have good biological activities and can be used for various applications.

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