Both cytopathic and non-cytopathic bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) induced autophagy at a similar rate

showed that both biotypes (cp and ncp) of BVDV induced autophagy in immortal Madin-Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cell line as well as primary bovine turbinate (Bt) cells following infection. There was no significant difference between cp or ncp strains of BVDV in autophagosome formation (p < 0.05) in either MDBK or Bt cells. The autophagy inhibiting drug, 3-methyladenine (3MA) significantly reduced autophagy (p < 0.05) as well as viral replication. While autophagy inducing drug rapamycin significantly enhanced autophagy as well as viral replication. The co-localization study using, BVDV NS5A, Erns and E1 proteins with autophagy marker, light chain-3 (LC3) revealed that BVDV replication was associated with autophagosomes. This study revealed that both cp and ncp strains of BVDV induced autophagy at similar level and used autophagy machinery for their replication.