Colour in insect thermoregulation: Empirical and theoretical tests in the colour-changing grasshopper, Kosciuscola tristis

► We quantified the difference in body temperature between two colour phases of colour-changing grasshoppers. ► Colour change in K. tristis provides a 0.55 °C difference in body temperature at 0.1 m s−1 wind speed. ► Potential fitness consequences of this temperature difference in Kosciuscola tristis are unclear. ► Many studies have described body temperature differences caused by colouration. ► Fw studies have attempted to determine the fitness consequences of colour-induced body temperature differences.