Sugarcane farming and the Great Barrier Reef: the role of a principled approach to change

Even though in theory it is possible for nutrient trading measures to achieve water quality targets, in the context of the regulation of DIN outfall produced by the sugarcane industry in the GBR catchment area, there are scientific and social barriers that work against such outcomes. We propose a combined instrument approach that involves both incentives and ultimately penalties to meet the timeframes considered necessary to protect the GBRWHA. Importantly such a strategy can be implemented without significant legislative changes.