Opportunity costs of alternative management options in a protected nature park: The case of Ramat Hanadiv, Israel

The relationship between ES value and species richness was found to be negative. Of all management alternatives studied, only the planted conifer forest alternative was found to be inefficient; moving to other alternatives would enhance ES provision levels and species richness. This research demonstrates a simple path for providing land managers with an ecological data-based tool for comparing management alternatives in monetary terms.