Depth-averaged non-hydrostatic numerical modeling of nearshore wave propagations based on the FORCE scheme

Waves in nearshore regions subject to shoaling, reflection, refraction, diffraction, and breaking. Accurate and flexible modeling of these processes is of paramount importance in both fundamental wave-related researches and engineering applications. In this study, a two-dimensional numerical model is developed for simulating these processes by solving the depth-averaged shallow-water non-hydrostatic equations (SNHE). This model is different from existing SNHE models in that the present model employs the first-order centered scheme (FORCE) for flux evaluations within the framework of finite-volume methods, making it feasible and flexible for more complicated problems, such as nearshore mud- or sediment-related problems. An internal wavemaker is constructed for wave generations. Various numerical tests are used to verify the performance of the developed model. Results show that the model is well-balanced and has good accuracy in modeling wave propagations over uneven bed topography.