Article ID | Journal | Published Year | Pages | File Type |
---|---|---|---|---|
8298853 | Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - Bioenergetics | 2010 | 12 Pages |
Abstract
Calcium handling by mitochondria is a key feature in cell life. It is involved in energy production for cell activity, in buffering and shaping cytosolic calcium rises and also in determining cell fate by triggering or preventing apoptosis. Both mitochondria and the mechanisms involved in the control of calcium homeostasis have been extensively studied, but they still provide researchers with long-standing or even new challenges. Technical improvements in the tools employed for the investigation of calcium dynamics have been-and are still-opening new perspectives in this field, and more prominently for mitochondria. In this review we present a state-of-the-art toolkit for calcium measurements, with major emphasis on the advantages of genetically encoded indicators. These indicators can be efficiently and selectively targeted to specific cellular sub-compartments, allowing previously unavailable high-definition calcium dynamic studies. We also summarize the main features of cellular and, in more detail, mitochondrial calcium handling, especially focusing on the latest breakthroughs in the field, such as the recent direct characterization of the calcium microdomains that occur on the mitochondrial surface upon cellular stimulation. Additionally, we provide a major example of the key role played by calcium in patho-physiology by briefly describing the extensively reported-albeit highly controversial-alterations of calcium homeostasis in Alzheimer's disease, casting lights on the possible alterations in mitochondrial calcium handling in this pathology.
Keywords
sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPasePS1ΔΨmRyRIP3Mitochondrial Ca2+ concentrationPMCAAPPSPCAIP3RYFPPTPVoltage-operated Ca2+ channelCFPMCUMicrodomainCyclophilin DAβ[Ca2+]ERGFPCCEOMMGECIIMSCa2+inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphateVOCC[Ca2+]c[Ca2+]mPermeability transition poreFluorescence resonance energy transferbioluminescence resonance energy transferFRETimmamyloid betaFADBRETNeurodegenerationApoptosisinner mitochondrial membraneruthenium redSarcoplasmic reticulumCAMendoplasmic reticulumouter mitochondrial membranePlasma membraneplasma membrane Ca2+ ATPaseCytosolic Ca2+ concentrationintermembrane spaceSERCAMitochondrial calcium uniporterMitochondriaknock outCapacitative calcium entryyellow fluorescent proteingreen fluorescent proteincyan fluorescent proteinamyloid precursor proteinCalmodulinIP3 receptorRyanodine receptor
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Authors
Laura Contreras, Ilaria Drago, Enrico Zampese, Tullio Pozzan,